A Comprehensive Review of Airless Tire Structures: Geometries, , Materials,, Static and Dynamic Analysis, and Future Perspectives

Ahmadi, Atefeh; Shooshtari, Alireza

doi:10.30511/jmms.2026.2085654.1042

A Comprehensive Review of Airless Tire Structures: Geometries, , Materials,, Static and Dynamic Analysis, and Future Perspectives

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Atefeh Ahmadi ¹

Alireza Shooshtari ²

¹ Mechanical Engineering Dept., Engineering Faculty, Engineering Faculty, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

² Department of Mechanical Engineering,; Engineering Faculty, Bu-Ali Sina Unversity, Hamedan, Iran

10.30511/jmms.2026.2085654.1042

Abstract

A review of previous studies revealed that the internal structural geometry plays a decisive role in the mechanical performance of non-pneumatic tires. Among various geometries, including honeycomb, triangular, plate-spoke, and curved-spoke structures, honeycomb configurations exhibited the highest stiffness and load-carrying capacity, whereas increasing spoke curvature resulted in reduced radial stiffness and greater structural deformation. The findings also indicated that a cellular shear band with a cell angle of 65° and a height of 21 mm can provide favorable structural performance. Furthermore, the use of porous shear bands was found to reduce rolling resistance by approximately 39–43% compared with continuous shear-band designs, contributing significantly to improved energy efficiency. Dynamic analyses demonstrated that the first ten natural frequencies of honeycomb non-pneumatic tires lie within the range of 9–65 Hz, while increasing structural damage can reduce these frequencies by up to 19.37%. These findings suggest that appropriate cellular geometry design can simultaneously enhance stiffness, improve load-carrying capability, reduce rolling resistance, and improve the vibration performance of non-pneumatic tires.

Keywords

Airless tire

Acoustic

Meta material

vibration

vehicle