نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Biomass energy is transitioning from laboratory to industrial applications. Despite extensive research, a significant gap exists in the simultaneous analysis of technical, economic, and environmental dimensions of conversion technologies within a systematic review. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the challenges of biomass conversion technologies and outlining their development prospects up to 2040. This review study, employing an analytical-descriptive approach, conducted a comprehensive search across Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from 2010 to 2025. From 260 initial sources, 149 credible articles were selected for final analysis. Findings indicate that novel technologies such as plasma gasification and algal bioreactors can increase energy efficiency by threefold while reducing pollution. However, challenges related to industrial scalability and high capital costs remain major barriers to commercialization. Successful experiences in Brazil and Sweden highlight the key role of governmental incentives. The "waste-to-wealth" approach facilitates green job creation and sustainable income in rural areas. The innovation of this paper lies in presenting an integrated framework for three-dimensional analysis of challenges, integrating hybrid technologies and nanomaterials, with recommendations for developing countries. Biomass is not merely an energy option but an integral part of a comprehensive solution to combat climate change.
کلیدواژهها English
